As a guest speaker at Aries’ 2020 European Editorial Manager User Group meeting (EEMUG 2020), Jayne Marks, VP of Global Publishing at Wolters Kluwer, Health, noted that a common misconception in the publishing community is the belief that “Read-and-Publish” and “Publish-and-Read” are the exact same concept and that the terms are often mistakenly used interchangeably. In honor of Open Access Week 2020, we defined the difference between these two transformative agreement models at a high-level.